Around the world, chemical analyses of PM2.5 found in ambient air clearly indicate that secondary inorganic aerosols constitute a significant share of total PM2.5mass, typically 30-50%. Such inorganic aerosols are formed in the atmosphere from gaseous sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions, which react with NH3 to form solid particles. In many situations, this formation is dependent on the availability of NH3, which predominantly originates from agricultural sources such as livestock farming and fertilizer application. As a consequence, effective strategies that aim to lower population exposure to fine particles will need to include the control of NH3 emissions, otherwise efforts to reduce other PM2.5 precursor emissions will not deliver the expected return.
39 research partner institutions study the effects of climate change on ecosystems impacts in Europe and develop next generation European air pollution mitigation and adaptation strategies under climate change. More
IIASA’s Mitigation of Air Pollution & Greenhouse Gases Program (MAG) is using its modeling tools to identify strategies to assist in meeting European Union’s clean air goals. More
AIR has produced global emission fields for a range of future scenarios for non-CO2 emissoins as an input for modeling of future atmospheric chemistry and transport as well as climate impacts. Data can be downloaded from the GAINS database.
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA)
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Phone: (+43 2236) 807 0 Fax:(+43 2236) 71 313