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1. Using this Manual

This chapter discribes how to use the RAINS on-line help and where you find what.
You should read this chapter carefully (at least once) - this helps you to find much faster what you are looking for.

About this Manual

This help system is HTML based. If you have questions about HTML or about how to use your 'Web-Browser' please refer to the documentation of your web-browser (e.g. look at the on-line help of it).
If you have never worked with a WWW Browser (Web-Browser) like Netscape or Internet Explorer, you can get a short introduction. For this click with your mouse pointer on one of the following highlighted words: How to use Web-Browsers.

In general this help system is similar to the common windows help system:
You have 'hyperlinks' (Special highlighted words; If you click on them the browser opens another page.), a general, searchable index and a table of contents. If you wish to search a particular word in the RAINS Index or on any other page, please use the search facility of your web-browser. (If you have installed LIKSE you can search in a whole directory).

Structure of the On-Line Help

The RAINS documentation is divided into two main parts:

the user manual, with a description of the RAINS Model, installation guide, and informations about how to use RAINS,
the description of all RAINS user options,

How do I find Answers for my Problem?

There are several ways how to find answers for your questions:

Context sensitive help:
If you have RAINS and a web-browser running and everything is correctly installed you can use the RAINS help, i.e. press the HELP button in any situation or <F1> and you will get context sensitive help.
Index:
You can use the RAINS-Index to find help for particular items. The index is an alphabetically ordered list of all available help contexts.
Table of contents:
The Table of Contents contains a logically structured list of all chapters of the on-line help.
User options:
If you are looking for help on a particular user option and you have RAINS not running, you may use the Index of RAINS 7.2 User Options.
Toolbar buttons:
Probably also very useful is the List of all Toolbarbuttons: Here you are provided with the possibility to click on a particular toolbarbutton and get the according help page.
List of All Toolbarbuttons for RAINS-EMCO
List of All Toolbarbuttons for RAINS-EMCO Ammonia
List of All Toolbarbuttons for RAINS-OPT
Internet:
If you can't find the solution for your problem at the on-line help, you can also look at IIASA's Web-Pages or send us an e-mail.

Notations

There are a few special typefaces used throughout this user manual in order to clarify the usage and meaning of terms. Familiarity with these typefaces would be helpful.

Typefaces used in RAINS Europe:

Boldface	Menu Option
ALL CAPS	Represents the button (literally, it works like a button) available, which can be clicked on by a mouse or pressing <Enter> while positioned on that button.
Italics	Represents the associated window name (i.e. title of the window) for e.g. Control Strategy for Area Source
CAPS BOLDFACE	Represents the directory path for e.g. C:\RAINS\ASIA or filename RAINS7.EXE
<>	Represents the key to use (or press) from the keyboard for e.g. <F1> means press "F1" key from the keyboard.
One char. boldface	Represents the menu option (which contains boldfaced character), can be selected using the <Alt> + boldfaced character, say for e.g. for selecting File option, use <Alt> + <F> (or <f>) or simply press boldfaced character while in the menu. NOTE: In the application these characters are underlined.
Menu1/Menu2/./Menun	Represents the menu path, the path which should be selected, starting from Menu1 (option of main menu) and so on till the final option i.e. (say) Menun is selected. For example, for selecting Energy over Fuel per sector option, follow the menu path Energy/Area Sources/Energy over fuel per sector.
Hyperlink	This is the way your WWW - Browser displays hyperlinks. If you press on such a word, the browser opens the refering page .

Now, that you are familiar with the help system, let's go on with RAINS ...

How to use Web-Browsers

Congratulations! You already did the main browser action: You have used a "hyperlink". A hyperlink is a text peace which is specially highlighted by the browser. Most of the browsers underline hyperlinks or write them with a blue colored font (or do both). Your browser displays hyperlinks in the way as you saw "How to use Web-Browsers" before you clicked on it.

As you saw, a click on a hyperlink tells the browser load the referring page. A hyperlink can be linked to the following targets:

to another position (bookmark) in the current file,
to another file on the same, lokal computer, or
to another computer anywhere in the internet (WorldWideWeb).

Of course, you will be unable to use the last kind of hyperlinks, if you are not connected to the internet. If you try to use such a kind of hyperlinks in case you are not connected you will get an error message by your browser. But, don't be affraid to click on unknown hyperlinks! It causes no danger if the target is unreachable for your browser.

What are other Facilities of my Browser?

Most of the browsers provide at least the following features:

Backward arrow - This is usually a button in the toolbar of the browser and usually represented by an arrow signing to the left side. If you click on it, the browser 'jumps' to the page which was displayed before the current page. It doesn't matter where the current page is placed - this option does NOT open the file which is physically placed in the current directory before the current file.
One example: If you entered this page from the page "About this Manual" (and did no other browser's action in between) than the backward arrow will push you back to the "About this Manual" page. Try it!
If you are on the first page which was opened in the current session, the backward arrow is disabled (because there was no page before this page).
Forward arrow - This is usually a button in the toolbar of the browser and usually represented by an arrow signing to the right side. If you click on it, the browser 'jumps' to the page which was displayed before you used the backward arrow. Thus, if you didn't use the backward arrow to get to the current page the forward arrow will be disabled.
For example the forward arrow would be one possibility to get back to this page, after you used the backward arrow as described in the example above.
Search facility - Most of the browsers provide also a search facility to search for words or character sets on the current page. If you want to know how the search facility of your browser works please refer to the on-line help of the browser.
Print facility - Also this is a very useful facility provided by most of the browsers. Usually it produces a well formated printing of the current page. Again: Refer to the browser's on-line help for details.
"Home" - This option is usually represented by a more or less beautiful house. With the preferences option of your browser it is possible to define a WWW page which is opened by selecting this option.
For instance this could be the RAINS Table of Contents or the WWW home page of your organization (if it has one).

More about Hyperlinks:

In fact, hyperlinks could be represented not only by text peaces, but also by images which are placed on the pages. E.g. on top and on the bottom of every RAINS Help page are at least some of them. You find there a "button" which pushes you to the RAINS Index, one for the RAINS Table of Contents, and usually buttons for getting to the next and previous chapter. (Please notice the difference between these "buttons" and the forward and backward buttons as described above!!)

One example: Assume you use the "Index button" at the end of this page () to get to the RAINS Index. What is the fastest way to get back to this page? Try it! If you did more than one operation to get back you did something wrong.


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