His research interests range from energy policy to climate change policy.
He developed much of his interest in these areas while working at IIASA in the 1990s when he co-led the project on “Implementation and Effectiveness of International Environmental Commitments.” The project conducted 14 historical case studies on topics ranging from the regulation of acid rain in Europe to the limitation of trade in hazardous chemicals and pesticides.
Of IIASA, he says: “The Institute changed how I think about the world…. Ever since 1989 when I came to IIASA as a young scientist, I have worked on technological change with the energy group. Over the long term, technological change is the dominant force in energy and environmental problems.”