Fabian Wagner

Fabian Wagner is a Senior Research Scholar in the Air Quality and Greenhouse Gases (AIR) Program, and associate faculty both at the Complexity Science Hub and the Technical University in Vienna. Between 2014 and 2016, he was the Gerhard R. Andlinger '52 Professor for Energy and the Environment at Princeton University's Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment and the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs. He is also engaging in science policy, strategic planning and research evaluation.

Before joining IIASA in 2004, Dr. Wagner was a researcher with the IPCC located at the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) in Hayama, Japan. Prior to that, he was a postdoc with the International Energy Analysis Group at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL).

Dr. Wagner received both his PhD (theoretical physics) and two master's degrees (mathematics, history and philosophy of science) from Cambridge University (UK). In 1998, Dr. Wagner won the J.T. Knight's Prize in mathematics from Cambridge University.


Last update: 18-APR-2019

Zhang S ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2487-8574, Yi B-W, Worrell E, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Crijns-Graus W, Purohit P ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7265-6960, Wada Y ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4770-2539, & Varis O (2019). Integrated assessment of resource-energy-environment nexus in China's iron and steel industry. Journal of Cleaner Production 232: 235-249. DOI:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.392.

Scovronick N, Budolfson M, Dennig F, Errickson F, Fleurbaey M, Peng W, Socolow RH, Spears D, et al. (2019). The impact of human health co-benefits on evaluations of global climate policy. Nature Communications 10: e2095. DOI:10.1038/s41467-019-09499-x.

Bednar J, Obersteiner M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6981-2769, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2019). On the financial viability of negative emissions. Nature Communications 10 (1): Article number: 1783. DOI:10.1038/s41467-019-09782-x.

Ahn Y-H, Woo J-H, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Yoo SJ (2019). Downscaled energy demand projection at the local level using the Iterative Proportional Fitting procedure. Applied Energy 238: 384-400. DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.01.051.

Amann M, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, An Ha T, Rafaj P, Kiesewetter G, Gomez Sanabria A, Nguyen B, Thi Thu TN, et al. (2019). Future air quality in Ha Noi and northern Vietnam. IIASA Research Report. Laxenburg, Austria: RR-19-003

Budolfson M, Dennig F, Fleurbaey M, Scovronick N, Siebert A, Spears D, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2019). Optimal Climate Policy and the Future of World Economic Development. The World Bank Economic Review 33 (1): 21-40. DOI:10.1093/wber/lhx016.

Amann M, Jiming H, Borken-Kleefeld J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-8559, Cofala J, Gomez Sanabria A, Heyes C, Höglund Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Kiesewetter G, et al. (2019). Scenarios and Solutions. In: Air Pollution in Asia and the Pacific: Science-based solutions. pp. 61-100 Bangkok, Thailand: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). ISBN 978-92-807-3725-7

Herrera-Estrada J, Diffenbaugh N, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Craft A, & Sheffield J (2018). Response of electricity sector air pollution emissions to drought conditions in the western United States. Environmental Research Letters 13 (12): e124032. DOI:10.1088/1748-9326/aaf07b.

Peng W, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Ramana MV, Zhai H, Smalls M, Dalin C, Zhang X, & Mauzerall D (2018). Managing China’s coal power plants to address multiple environmental objectives. Nature Sustainability 1 (11): 693-701. DOI:10.1038/s41893-018-0174-1.

Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Borken-Kleefeld J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-8559, Kiesewetter G, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Nguyen B, Rafaj P, & Schöpp W (2018). The GAINS PMEH-Methodology -Version 2.0. IIASA Working Paper. Laxenburg, Austria: WP-18-016

Qin Y, Höglund Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Byers E ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0349-5742, Feng K, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Peng W, & Mauzerall DL (2018). Air Quality-Carbon-Water Synergies and Trade-offs in China’s Natural Gas Industry. Nature Sustainability 1 (9): 505-511. DOI:10.1038/s41893-018-0136-7.

Amann M, Anderl M, Borken-Kleefeld J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-8559, Cofala J, Heyes C, Höglund Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Kiesewetter G, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, et al. (2018). Progress towards the achievement of the EU's air quality and emissions objectives. IIASA

Liu J, Zhang S ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2487-8574, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2018). Exploring the driving forces of energy consumption and environmental pollution in China’s cement industry at the provincial level. Journal of Cleaner Production 184: 274-285. DOI:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.277.

Purohit Pallav ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7265-6960, Höglund Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2018). Impacts of the Kigali Amendment to phase-down hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in Asia. IIASA Report. Laxenburg, Austria

Obersteiner M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6981-2769, Bednar J, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Gasser T ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4882-2647, Ciais P, Forsell N, Frank S ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5702-8547, Havlik P, et al. (2018). How to spend a dwindling greenhouse gas budget. Nature Climate Change 8 (1): 7-10. DOI:10.1038/s41558-017-0045-1.

Yang J, Li X, Peng W, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Mauzerall DL (2018). Climate, air quality and human health benefits of various solar photovoltaic deployment scenarios in China in 2030. Environmental Research Letters 13 (6): e064002. DOI:10.1088/1748-9326/aabe99.

Li X, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Peng W, Yang J, & Mauzerall DL (2017). Reduction of solar photovoltaic resources due to air pollution in China. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114 (45): 11867-11872. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1711462114.

Saikawa E, Kim H, Zhong M, Zhao Y, Janssens-Manehout G, Kurokawa J, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, et al. (2017). Comparison of Emissions Inventories of Anthropogenic Air Pollutants in China. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 17: 6393-6421. DOI:10.5194/acp-17-6393-2017.

Saikawa E, Kim H, Zhong M, Avramov A, Zhao Y, Janssens-Maenhout G, Jurokawa J, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, et al. (2017). Comparison of emissions inventories of anthropogenic air pollutants and greenhouse gases in China. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17 (10): 6393-6421. DOI:10.5194/acp-17-6393-2017.

Qin Y, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Scovronick N, Peng W, Yang J, Zhu T, Smith KR, & Mauzerall DL (2017). Air quality, health, and climate implications of China’s synthetic natural gas development. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114 (19): 4887-4892. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1703167114.

Nabernegg S, Bednar-Friedl B, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Schinko T ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1156-7574, Cofala J, & Clement YM (2017). The Deployment of Low Carbon Technologies in Energy Intensive Industries: A Macroeconomic Analysis for Europe, China and India. Energies 10 (3): p. 360. DOI:10.3390/en10030360.

Gambhir A, Napp T, Hawkes A, Höglund Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Winiwarter W ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7131-1496, Purohit P ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7265-6960, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Bernie D, et al. (2017). The Contribution of Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gas Mitigation to Achieving Long-Term Temperature Goals. Energies 10 (5): e602. DOI:10.3390/en10050602.

Peng W, Yang J, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Mauzerall DL (2017). Substantial air quality and climate co-benefits achievable now with sectoral mitigation strategies in China. Science of The Total Environment 598: 1076-1084. DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.287.

Saikawa E, Trail M, Zhong M, Wu Q, Young CL, Janssens-Maenhout G, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, et al. (2017). Uncertainties in emissions estimates of greenhouse gases and air pollutants in India and their impacts on regional air quality. Environmental Research Letters 12 (6): 065002. DOI:10.1088/1748-9326/aa6cb4.

Scovronick N, Budolfson MB, Dennig F, Fleurbaey M, Siebert A, Socolow RH, Spears D, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2017). Impact of population growth and population ethics on climate change mitigation policy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114 (46): 12338-12343. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1618308114.

Zhang S ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2487-8574, Worrell E, Crijns-Graus W, Krol M, de Bruine M, Geng G, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Cofala J (2016). Modeling energy efficiency to improve air quality and health effects of China’s cement industry. Applied Energy 184: 574-593. DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.10.030.

Ciucci A, D'Elia I, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Sander R, Ciancarella L, Zanini G, & Schöpp W (2016). Cost-effective reductions of PM2.5 concentrations and exposure in Italy. Atmospheric Environment 140: 84-93. DOI:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.05.049.

Vrontisi Z, Abrell J, Neuwahl F, Saveyn B, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2016). Economic impacts of EU clean air policies assessed in a CGE framework. Environmental Science & Policy 55 (1): 54-64. DOI:10.1016/j.envsci.2015.07.004.

Gambhir A, Napp T, Hawkes A, Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Winiwarter W ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7131-1496, Purohit P ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7265-6960, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Bernie D, et al. (2015). The contribution of non-CO2 greenhouse gas mitigation to achieving long-term temperature goals. AVOID 2 WPC2b Report. Grantham Institute, Imperial College London, UK /IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria / Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, USA / Met Office Hadley Centre, UK

Smirnov A, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Rovenskaya E (2015). Analysis of Close-to-optimal Zones in LP Decision-support Models. In: Systems Analysis 2015 - A Conference in Celebration of Howard Raiffa, 11 -13 November, 2015, Laxenburg, Austria.

Zhang S, Worrell E, Crijns-Graus W, Krol M, de Bruine M, Geng G, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Röckmann T, et al. (2015). The Contribution of Energy Efficiency Measures to Air Quality and Related Health Effects in China’s Cement Industry. In: Systems Analysis 2015 - A Conference in Celebration of Howard Raiffa, 11 -13 November, 2015, Laxenburg, Austria.

Ermoliev Y, Ermolieva T, Jonas M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-4145, Obersteiner M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6981-2769, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Winiwarter W ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7131-1496 (2015). Integrated model for robust emission trading under uncertainties: cost-effectiveness and environmental safety. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 98: 234-244. DOI:10.1016/j.techfore.2015.01.003.

Jäger J, Nakicenovic N ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7176-4604, Fuss S, KC S, Rovenskaya E, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2015). Special Issue based on IIASA's 40th Anniversary Conference Guest Editorial. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 98: 211-212. DOI:10.1016/j.techfore.2015.06.025.

Jäger J, Nakicenovic N ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7176-4604, Fuss S, KC S, Rovenskaya E, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2015). Special Section - IIASA Conference: World within Reach. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 98: 211-344.

Ermolieva T, Ermoliev Y, Jonas M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-4145, Obersteiner M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6981-2769, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Winiwarter W ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7131-1496 (2015). Uncertainty, cost-effectiveness and environmental safety of robust carbon trading: integrated approach. In: Uncertainties in Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Expanding Our Perspectives. Eds. Ometto, J.P., Bun, R., Jonas, M. & Nahorski, Z., pp. 183-196 Cham, Switzerland: Springer International. ISBN 98-3-319-15900-310.1007/978-3-319-15901-0_13.

Jonas M, Marland G, Krey V ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0307-3515, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Nahorski Z (2015). Uncertainty in an emissions-constrained world. In: Uncertainties in Greenhouse Gas Invertories. Expanding Our Perspectives. Eds. Ometto, J.P., Bun, R., Jonas, M. & Nahorski, Z., pp. 9-26 Cham, Switzerland: Springer International. ISBN 978-3-319-15900-310.1007/978-3-319-15901-0_2.

Lilliestam J, Pfenninger S, Gauche P, Damerau K, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Patt A (2014). On the limits to solar thermal power: A reply to Trainer. Energy Policy 75: 424-425. DOI:10.1016/j.enpol.2014.09.020.

Zhang S, Worrell E, Crijns-Graus W, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Cofala J (2014). Co-benefits of energy efficiency improvement and air pollution abatement in the Chinese iron and steel industry. Energy: 333-345. DOI:10.1016/j.energy.2014.10.018.

Amann M, Heyes C, Kiesewetter G, Schoepp W, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2014). Complimentary impact assessment on interactions between EU air quality policy and climate and energy policy. Ex-Ante Impact Assessment Unit, EPRS, European Parliament, Brusells, Belgium (2014)

Amann M & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2014). A flexibility mechanism for complying with national emission ceilings for air pollutants. [[TSAP Report #15]], V1.0, DG-Environment of the European Commission, Belgium (September 2014)

Nguyen B & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2014). Collective intelligent toolbox based on linked model framework. Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 27 (2): 601-609. DOI:10.3233/IFS-131084.

Pfenninger S, Gauche P, Lilliestam J, Damerau K, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Patt A (2014). Potential for concentrating solar power to provide baseload and dispatchable power. Nature Climate Change 4 (8): 689-692. DOI:10.1038/nclimate2276.

Reid MC, Guan K, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Mauzerall DL (2014). Global methane emissions from pit latrines. Environmental Science & Technology DOI:10.1021/es501549h.

Ermolieva T, Ermoliev Y, Jonas M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-4145, Obersteiner M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6981-2769, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Winiwarter W ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7131-1496 (2014). Uncertainty, cost-effectiveness and environmental safety of robust carbon trading: Integrated approach. Climatic Change 124 (3): 633-646. DOI:10.1007/s10584-013-0824-2.

Jonas M, Marland G, Krey V ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0307-3515, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Nahorski Z (2014). Uncertainty in an emissions-constrained world. Climatic Change 124 (3): 459-476. DOI:10.1007/s10584-014-1103-6.

Amann M, Borken-Kleefeld J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-8559, Cofala J, Hettelingh J-P, Heyes C, Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Holland M, Kiesewetter G, et al. (2014). The final policy scenarios of the EU Clean Air Policy Package. XO-14-072

Capros P, Paroussos L, Fragkos P, Tsani S, Boitier B, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Busch S, Resch G, et al. (2014). Description of models and scenarios used to assess European decarbonisation pathways. Energy Strategy Reviews 2 (3): 220-230. DOI:10.1016/j.esr.2013.12.008.

Capros P, Paroussos L, Fragkos P, Tsani S, Boitier B, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Busch S, Resch G, et al. (2014). European decarbonisation pathways under alternative technological and policy choices: A multi-model analysis. Energy Strategy Reviews 2 (3): 231-245. DOI:10.1016/j.esr.2013.12.007.

Nguyen B, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Schoepp W (2014). Federated data warehousing application framework and platform-as-a-services model virtual data marts in the clouds. International Journal of Intelligent Information and Database Systems 8 (3): 280-294. DOI:10.1504/IJIIDS.2014.066635.

Nguyen B, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Schoepp W (2013). Multi-model framework for modeling holistic climate and air quality strategies. In: Proceedings, 15th International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Applications & Services (iiWAS2013).

Nguyen B, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Schoepp W (2013). Multi-model framework for modeling holistic climate and air quality strategies. In: Proceedings, iiWAS2013, 2-4 December 2013.

Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Schoepp W, & Amann M (2013). Dealing with fixed emissions ceilings in an uncertain future: Offsetting under environmental integrity. Journal of Environmental Management 129: 25-32. DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.05.054.

Amann M, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2013). Regional and global emissions of air pollutants: Recent trends and future scenarios. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 38: 31-55. DOI:10.1146/annurev-environ-052912-173303.

Gils HC, Cofala J, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Schoepp W (2013). GIS-based assessment of the district heating potential in the USA. Energy 58: 318-329. DOI:10.1016/j.energy.2013.06.028.

Ermolieva T, Ermoliev Y, Jonas M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-4145, Obersteiner M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6981-2769, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Winiwarter W ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7131-1496 (2013). Uncertainty, Cost-effectiveness and Environmental Safety of Robust Carbon Trading: Integrated Approach. IIASA Interim Report. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria: IR-13-003

Nguyen B, Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Schoepp W (2013). Mitigation Efforts Calculator (MEC). Information Systems Frontiers 15 (2): 223-233. DOI:10.1007/s10796-012-9362-0.

Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2013). A grain of sand or a handful of dust? Environmental Research Letters 8 (1): no.011004. DOI:10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/011004.

Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Heyes C, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, & Schoepp W (2013). The GAINS Optimization Module: Identifying Cost-effective Measures for Improving Air Quality and Short-term Climate Forcing. IIASA Interim Report. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria: IR-13-001

Amann M, Borken-Kleefeld J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-8559, Cofala J, Heyes C, Kiesewetter G, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Rafaj P, Sander R, et al. (2012). TSAP-2012 Baseline: Health and environmental impacts. [[TSAP Report #6]], Version 1.0 (Editor: M. Amann), DG-Environment of the European Commission, Belgium (November 2012)

Amann M, Borken-Kleefeld J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-8559, Kiesewetter G, Rafaj P, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2012). Compliance with EU air quality limit values - A first set of sensitivity and optimization analyses. [[TSAP Report #8]], Version 1.0 (Editor: M. Amann), DG-Environment of the European Commission, Belgium (November 2012)

Amann M, Heyes C, Schoepp W, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2012). Scenarios of cost-effective emission controls after 2020. [[TSAP Report #7]], Version 1.0 (Editor: M. Amann), DG-Environment of the European Commission, Belgium (November 2012)

Amann M, Bertok I, Borken-Kleefeld J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-8559, Cofala J, Heyes C, Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Rafaj P, et al. (2012). Environmental improvements of the 2012 revision of the Gothenburg Protocol. [[CIAM Report 1/2012]], Version 1.1, CIAM & IIASA (September 2012)

Nguyen B, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Schoepp W (2012). EC4MACS - An integrated assessment toolbox of well-established modeling tools to explore the synergies and interactions between climate change, air quality and other policy objectives. In: ICT as Key Technology against Global Warming. Eds. Auweter, A., pp. 94-108 Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer. 10.1007/978-3-642-32606-6_8.

Carnevale C, Finzi G, Pisoni E, Volta M, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2012). Defining a nonlinear control problem to reduce particulate matter population exposure. Atmospheric Environment 55: 410-416. DOI:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.03.033.

Nguyen B, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Schoepp W (2012). Cloud business intelligent services to explore the synergies and interactions among climate change, air quality objectives. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Cloud Intelligence (Cloud-I 2012).

Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2012). Mitigation here and now or there and then: The role of co-benefits (Editorial). Carbon Management 3 (4): 325-327. DOI:10.4155/cmt.12.37.

Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Amann M, Borken-Kleefeld J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-8559, Cofala J, Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Purohit P ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7265-6960, Rafaj P, Schoepp W, et al. (2012). Sectoral marginal abatement cost curves: Implications for mitigation pledges and air pollution co-benefits for Annex I countries. Sustainability Science 7 (2): 169-184. DOI:10.1007/s11625-012-0167-3.

Hoehne N, Taylor C, Elias R, den Elzen M, Riahi K ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7193-3498, Chen C, Rogelj J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2056-9061, Grassi G, et al. (2012). National GHG emissions reduction pledges and 2 degrees C: Comparison of studies. Climate Policy 12 (3): 356-377. DOI:10.1080/14693062.2011.637818.

Fischer G, Winiwarter W ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7131-1496, Ermolieva T, Cao G-Y, van Velthuizen HT, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Schoepp W, van Veen W, et al. (2012). Sustainable agriculture in China: Estimation and reduction of nitrogen impacts. In: Managing Safety of Heterogeneous Systems. Eds. Ermoliev, Y, Makowski, M & Marti, K, Heidelberg: Springer. 10.1007/978-3-642-22884-1_16.

Ermolieva T, Ermoliev Y, Jonas M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-4145, Makowski M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6107-0972, Obersteiner M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6981-2769, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Winiwarter W ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7131-1496 (2012). Cost-effective and environmentally safe GHG emissions trading and abatement under uncertainties. In: Worlds Within Reach: From Science To Policy - IIASA 40th Anniversary Conference, 24-26 October 2012, Hofburg Congress Center, Vienna and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Amann M, Bertok I, Borken-Kleefeld J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-8559, Cofala J, Heyes C, Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Nguyen B, et al. (2011). Cost-effective control of air quality and greenhouse gases in Europe: Modeling and policy applications. Environmental Modelling & Software DOI:10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.07.012.

Blok K, Hare W, Hohne N, Kainuma M, Kejun J, Lee DS, Rogelj J, Shukla A, et al. (2011). Bridging the Emissions Gap: A UNEP Synthesis Report. Nairobi: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). ISBN 978-92-807-3229-0

Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Winiwarter W ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7131-1496, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Amann M, & Sutton MA (2011). Ammonia Reductions and Costs Implied By the Three Ambition Levels Proposed in the Draft Annex IX to the Gothenburg Protocol. [[CIAM 5/2011]], Version 1.2. CIAM, IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria (4 November 2011)

Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2011). Modelling transnational environmental risks: Scenarios for decision support. In: Forecasting, Warning and Responding to Transnational Risks. Eds. Franco, C de & Meyer, CO, Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan. ISBN 978-0230297845

Amann M, Bertok I, Borken-Kleefeld J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-8559, Cofala J, Heyes C, Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Rafaj P, et al. (2011). An Updated Set of Scenarios of Cost-effective Emission Reductions for the Revision of the Gothenburg Protocol. [[CIAM 4/2011]], Version 1.0. CIAM, IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria (26 August 2011)

Nguyen B, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Schoepp W (2011). GAINS - An interactive tool for assessing international GHG mitigation regimes. In: Information and Communication on Technology for the Fight Against Global Warming. Eds. Kranzlmueller, D & Toja, AM, Heidelberg: Springer. 10.1007/978-3-642-23447-7_12.

Amann M, Bertok I, Borken-Kleefeld J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-8559, Cofala J, Heyes C, Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Rafaj P, et al. (2011). Cost-effective emission reductions to improve air quality in Europe in 2020: Analysis of policy options for the EU for the revision of the Gothenburg Protocol. Final Report submitted to the European Commission, DG Environment (July 2011)

Ermolieva T, Ermoliev Y, Fischer G, Jonas M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-4145, Makowski M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6107-0972, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2011). Carbon emission trading and carbon taxes under uncertainties. In: Greenhouse Gas Inventories: Dealing With Uncertainty. Eds. White, T, Jonas, M, Nahorski, Z & Nilsson, S, Dordrecht: Springer. 10.1007/978-94-007-1670-4_16.

Jonas M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-4145, Krey V ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0307-3515, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Marland G, & Nahorski Z (2011). Providing a framework for moving to a low C world. Presented at [[11th Global Carbon Project Scientific Steering Committee Meeting]], 28-29 May 2011, Shepherdstown, West Virginia, USA (May 2011)

Amann M, Bertok I, Borken-Kleefeld J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-8559, Cofala J, Heyes C, Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Rafaj P, et al. (2011). Cost-effective Emission Reductions to Improve Air Quality in Europe in 2020: Background paper. [[CIAM-Report]], Version 2.1. CIAM, IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria (31 March 2011)

Heyes C, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Amann M (2011). Extension of the GAINS model to include short-lived climate forcers. IIASA Report. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria

Nguyen B, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Schoepp W (2011). Cloud intelligent services for calculating emissions and costs of air pollutants and greenhouse gases. In: Intelligent Information and Database Systems (ACIIDS2011). Eds. Nguyen, NT, Kim, CG & Janiak, A, Heidelberg: Springer. 10.1007/978-3-642-20039-7_16.

Ermolieva T, Ermoliev Y, Fischer G, Jonas M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-4145, Makowski M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6107-0972, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2010). Carbon emission trading and carbon taxes under uncertainties. Climatic Change 103 (1): 277-289. DOI:10.1007/s10584-010-9910-x.

Levin K, Ward M, Gesteira C, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2010). Introduction: The Emissions Gap Report. In: The Emissions Gap Report: Are the Copenhagen Accord Pledges Sufficient to Limit Global Warming to 2 Degrees C or 1.5 Degrees C? A preliminary assessment. pp. 20-22 Nairobi: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).

Nguyen B, Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2010). Mitigation Efforts Calculator (MEC): An online calculator for interactive comparison of mitigation efforts between UNFCCC Annex 1 countries. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Applications & Services (iiWAS2010).

Purohit P ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7265-6960, Amann M, Mathur R, Gupta I, Marwah S, Verma V, Bertok I, Borken-Kleefeld J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-8559, et al. (2010). GAINS ASIA: Scenarios for cost-effective control of air pollution and greenhouse gases in India. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria (November 2010)

Jonas M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-4145, Krey V ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0307-3515, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Marland G, & Nahorski Z (2010). Dealing with uncertainty in greenhouse gas inventories in an emissions constrained world. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Uncertainty in Greenhouse Gas Inventories.

Winiwarter W ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7131-1496, Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Schoepp W, Tohka A, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Amann M (2010). Emission mitigation potentials and costs for non-CO2 greenhouse gases in Annex-I countries according to the GAINS model. Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences: 235-243. DOI:10.1080/19438151003774430.

Borken-Kleefeld J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-8559, Cofala J, Rafaj P, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Amann M (2010). Potentials and costs for GHG mitigation in the transport sector. In: Proceedings of the 18th International Symposium on Transport & Air Pollution, 18-19 May 2010.

Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Winiwarter W ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7131-1496, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, & Amann M (2010). Potentials and Costs for Mitigation of Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the European Union Until 2030: Results. Report to the European Commission, DG Climate Action (26 May 2010)

Tanaka K, Cho C, Krey V ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0307-3515, Patt A, Rafaj P, Rao S, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2010). Geoengineering to avoid overshoot: An analysis of uncertainty. Geophysical Research Abstracts, 12:EGU2010-12796

Fischer G, Winiwarter W ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7131-1496, Ermolieva T, Cao G-Y, Qui H, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Wiberg D, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2010). Integrated modeling framework for assessment and mitigation of nitrogen pollution from agriculture: Concept and case study for China. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 136 (1): 116-124. DOI:10.1016/j.agee.2009.12.004.

Cofala J, Amann M, Asman WAH, Bertok I, Heyes C, Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Schoepp W, et al. (2010). Integrated assessment of air pollution and greenhouse gases mitigation in Europe. Archives of Environmental Protection 36 (1): 29-39.

Amann M, Cofala J, Rafaj P, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2009). A Tool for Comparing Countries' Efforts to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions. IIASA Policy Brief #09 (December 2009)

Ermolieva T, Ermoliev Y, Fischer G, Jonas M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-4145, Makowski M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6107-0972, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2009). Carbon emissions trading and carbon taxes under uncertainties (Abstract). In:CwU'2009: IIASA/GAMM Workshop on Coping with Uncertainty: Managing Safety of Heterogeneous Systems - Abstracts, 14-16 December 2009, IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria, p. 9

Amann M, Bertok I, Borken-Kleefeld J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-8559, Cofala J, Heyes C, Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Purohit P ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7265-6960, et al. (2009). Potentials and Costs for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in Annex I Countries: Methodology. IIASA Interim Report. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria: IR-09-043

Amann M, Cofala J, Rafaj P, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2009). GAINS: The impact of economic crisis on GHG mitigation potentials and costs in Annex I Countries. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria (Novemeber 2009)

Prather MJ, Penner JE, Fuglestvedt JS, Kurosawa A, Lowe JA, Hoehne N, Jain AK, Andronova N, et al. (2009). Tracking uncertainties in the causal chain from human activities to climate. Geophysical Research Letters 36 (5): L05707. DOI:10.1029/2008GL036474.

Amann M, Bertok I, Borken-Kleefeld J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-8559, Chambers A, Cofala J, Dentener F, Heyes C, Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, et al. (2008). GAINS Asia. A tool to combat air pollution and climate change simultaneously. Methodology. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria

Amann M, Kejun J, Jiming H, Wang S, Xing Z, Xiang DY, Hong L, Jia X, et al. (2008). GAINS Asia. Scenarios for cost-effective control of air pollution and greenhouse gases in China. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria (2008)

Nguyen B, Schoepp W, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2008). GAINS-BI: Business intelligent approach for greenhouse gas and air pollution interactions and synergies information system. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Application & Services.

Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Amann M, & Schoepp W (2007). The GAINS Optimization Module as of 1 February 2007. IIASA Interim Report. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria: IR-07-004

Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 & Schoepp W (2007). Comparison of the RAINS Emission Control Cost Curves for Air Pollutants with Emission Control Costs Computed by the GAINS Model. IIASA Interim Report. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria: IR-07-008

Amann M, Asman WAH, Bertok I, Cofala J, Heyes C, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Rafaj P, Schoepp W, et al. (2007). Cost-effective Emission Reductions to Address the Objectives of the Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution under different Greenhouse Gas Constraints. NEC Scenario Analysis Report No. 5 [2007]

Amann M, Asman WAH, Bertok I, Cofala J, Heyes C, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Rafaj P, Schoepp W, et al. (2007). Cost-optimized Reductions of Air Pollutant Emissions in the EU Member States to Address the Environmental Objectives of the Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution. NEC Scenario Analysis Report No. 3 [2007]

Amann M, Asman WAH, Bertok I, Cofala J, Heyes C, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Rafaj P, Schoepp W, et al. (2007). Updated Baseline Projections for the Revision of the National Emission Ceilings Directive. NEC Scenario Analysis Report No. 4 [2007]

Amann M, Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Winiwarter W ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7131-1496, Tohka A, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Schoepp W, Bertok I, & Heyes C (2007). Emission Scenarios for non-CO2 Greenhouse Gases in the EU-27. Final Report; submitted to Entec UK Ltd. [2007]

Cofala J, Amann M, Heyes C, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Posch M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8649-9129, Schoepp W, Tarasson L, et al. (2007). Analysis of Policy Measures to Reduce Ship Emissions in the Context of the Revision of the National Emissions Ceilings Directive. Final Report; submitted to Unit ENV/C1, DG Environment European Commission, Belgium [2007]

Grubler A ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7814-4990, Nakicenovic N ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7176-4604, Riahi K ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7193-3498, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Fischer G, Keppo I, Obersteiner M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6981-2769, O'Neill BC, et al. (2007). Integrated assessment of uncertainties in greenhouse gas emissions and their mitigation: Introduction and overview. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 74 (7): 873-886. DOI:10.1016/j.techfore.2006.07.009.

Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Amann M, Asman WAH, Bertok I, Cofala J, Heyes C, Posch M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8649-9129, Schoepp W, et al. (2007). Agricultural scenarios for European air pollution policy. In: Ammonia Emissions in Agriculture. Eds. Monteny, G-J. & Hartung, E., Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers. ISBN 978-90-8686-029-6

Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Asman WAH, Bertok I, Gyarfas F, Heyes C, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, & Sandler R (2007). Measures in Agriculture to Reduce Ammonia Emission. Final Report; Submitted to the coordinator, Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Amsterdam, Netherlands [2007]

Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Amann M, Cofala J, Schoepp W, Heyes C, Bertok I, & Asman WAH (2007). The role of agriculture in the European Commission strategy to reduce air pollution. FAL Agricultural Research 308: 3-10.

Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Hoeglund-Isaksson L ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-3135, Cofala J, & Amann M (2007). Sweden in 2020: Emissions of CO2 and Air Pollutants for Different CO2 Reduction Targets. Final Report; submitted to the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm, Sweden

Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 & Sathaye JA (2006). Sharing the burden of climate change stabilization: An energy sector perspective. Energy Policy 34 (15): 2217-2231. DOI:10.1016/j.enpol.2005.03.013.

Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Schoepp W, & Heyes C (2006). The RAINS Optimization Module for the Clean Air For Europe (CAFE) Programme. IIASA Interim Report. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria: IR-06-029

Pingoud K & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2006). Methane Emissions from Landfills and Carbon Dynamics of Harvested Wood Products: The First-Order Decay Revisited. IIASA Interim Report. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria: IR-06-004

Klaassen G, Berglund C, & Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374 (2005). The GAINS Model for Greenhouse Gases - Version 1.0: Carbon Dioxide (CO2). IIASA Interim Report. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria: IR-05-053

Amann M, Bertok I, Cabala R, Cofala J, Gyarfas F, Heyes C, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Schoepp W ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, et al. (2005). Exploratory CAFE Scenarios for Further Improvements of European Air Quality. CAFE Scenario Report # 5, 66 pp. [2005]

Amann M, Bertok I, Cabala R, Cofala J, Gyarfas F, Heyes C, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Schoepp W, et al. (2005). First Results from the RAINS Multi-pollutant/Multi-effect Optimization including Fine Particulate Matter. CAFE Scenario report # 3, 92 pp. [2005]

Amann M, Bertok I, Cabala R, Cofala J, Gyarfas F, Heyes C, Klimont Z ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-198X, Schoepp W, et al. (2005). Target Setting Approaches for Cost-effective Reductions of Population Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter in Europe. CAFE Scenario report # 4, 42 pp. [2005]

Amann M, Nakicenovic N ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7176-4604, Wagner F ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374, Klaassen G, & Raes F (2004). Medium-term Mitigation Strategies in the Context of Long-term Stabilization. Paper for the IIASA side event at the UNFCCC Conference of the Parties 10, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 8 December 2004 [2004]

Penman J, Gytarski M, Hiraishi T, Krug T, Kruger D, Pipatti R, Buendia L, Miwa K, et al. (2003). Definitions and Methodological Options to Inventory Emissions from Direct Human-Induced Degradation of Forests and Devegetation of Other Vegetation Types. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme (IPCC-NGGIP) [2003]

Penman J, Gytarski M, Hiraishi T, Krug T, Kruger D, Pipatti R, Buendia L, Miwa K, et al. (2003). Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme (IPCC-NGGIP) [2003]