Nitrogen in current European policies
Authors: Oenema O, Bleeker A, Braathen NA, Winiwarter W
Publication Year: 2011
Reference: In The European Nitrogen Assessment: Sources, Effects and Policy Perspectives, MA Sutton, CM Howard, JE Erisman, et al. (eds)
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK pp.62-81 (April 2011)
Available at www.nine-esf.org/sites/nine-esf.org/files/ena_doc/ENA_pdfs/ENA_c4.pdf
Abstract
Europe, and especially the European Union (EU), has many governmental policy measures aimed at decreasing unwanted reactive nitrogen (N_r) emissions from combustion, agriculture and urban wastes. Many of these policy measures have an "effects-based approach", and focus on single N_r compounds, single sectors and either on air or waters.
This chapter addresses the origin, objectives and targets of EU policy measures related to N_r emissions, considers which instruments are being used to implement the policies and briefly discusses the effects of the policy measures.
This chapter addresses the origin, objectives and targets of EU policy measures related to N_r emissions, considers which instruments are being used to implement the policies and briefly discusses the effects of the policy measures.
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