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Evolution and Ecology Program |
| Evolutionary Fisheries Management | |
| Overview • Illustrations • Publications |
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| Overview |
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More background information
In a broadly based research effort, the EEP Program has assembled empirical evidence that (i) fisheries-induced evolution in life-history traits, especially in characters determining maturation, has been with us for the past fifty years without having been recognized; (ii) fisheries-induced evolution is occurring much faster than was previously believed; and (iii) fisheries-induced evolution will be difficult and slow to reverse through managerial interventions. These findings highlight serious economic and ecological implications for sustainable yield, stock stability, and recovery potential.
Over the next few years, the Program will work on documenting the worldwide extent of fisheries-induced evolution, and on aiding fisheries scientists and managers in coping with the resultant challenges for the sustainable exploitation of living marine resources.
Detailed research agenda
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| Illustrations |
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| Please click on images to
view the enlarged version. Likely fisheries-induced evolution in the maturation schedule of northern cod. (a) Geographic range of northern cod off the coasts of Labrador and Newfoundland (yellow region). (b) Collapse of northern cod: since 1992, this stock is commercially extinct and, despite a moratorium on directed offshore cod fishing, has not yet recovered. (c) Temporal trends in the lengths at with 5-year-old female cod in NAFO Division 3L reach 50% maturation probability. |
| Publications |
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1.
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Aho T, André C, Bekkevold D, Heino M, et al.: Genetic Diversity in Commercially Exploited Fish Species. IIASA Interim Report IR-05-077 (2005). Report from Expert-seminar at Hólar College, Iceland, October 6-8, 2004. Nordic Council of Ministers (2005). |
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2.
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Arlinghaus R, Boukal D, Dieckmann U, Dunlop ES, Enberg K, Ernande B, Gardmark A, Heino M, et al.: 2007 Report of the ICES Study Group on Fisheries-Induced Adaptive Change (SGFIAC). IIASA Interim Report IR-07-058 (2007). ICES CM 2007/RMC:03 (2007). |
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3.
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Arlinghaus R, Matsumura S, Dieckmann U: Quantifying selection differentials caused by recreational fishing: Development of modeling framework and application to reproductive investment in pike (Esox lucius). Evolutionary Applications, 2(3):335-355 (August 2009) (2009). |
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4.
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Arlinghaus R, Matsumura S, Dieckmann U: The conservation and fishery benefits of protecting large pike Esox lucius L. by harvest regulations in recreational fishing. Biological Conservation, 143(6):1444-1459 (2010). |
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5.
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Barot S, Heino M, Morgan MJ, Dieckmann U: Maturation of Newfoundland American plaice (Hippoglossoides platessoides): long-term trends in maturation reaction norms despite low fishing mortality? IIASA Interim Report IR-05-015 (2005). ICES Journal of Marine Science 62:56-64 (2005). |
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6.
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Barot S, Heino M, O'Brien L, Dieckmann U: Estimating Reaction Norms for Age and Size at Maturation when Age at First Reproduction is Unknown. IIASA Interim Report IR-03-043 (2003). Evolutionary Ecology Research 6:659-678 (2004). |
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7.
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Barot S, Heino M, O'Brien L, Dieckmann U: Long-term trend in the maturation reaction norm of two cod stocks. Ecological Applications 14:1257-1271 (2004). |
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8.
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Barot S, Heino M, O'Brien L, Dieckmann U: Reaction Norms for Age and Size at Maturation: Study of the Long-Term Trend (1970-1998) for Georges Bank and Gulf of Maine Cod Stocks. ICES CM 2002/Y:03 (2002). |
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9.
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Barot S, Heino M, O'Brien L, Dieckmann U: Reaction Norms for Age and Size at Maturation: Study of the Long-Term Trend (1970-1998) for Georges Bank and Gulf of Maine Cod Stocks. IIASA Interim Report IR-04-011 (2004). |
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10.
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Baulier L, Heino M, Lilly GR, Dieckmann U: Body condition and evolution of maturation of Atlantic cod in Newfoundland. ICES CM 2006/H:19 (2006). |
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11.
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Baulier L, Heino M: Norwegian spring-spawning herring as the test case of piecewise linear regression method for detecting maturation from growth patterns. IIASA Interim Report IR-08-070 (2008). Journal of Fish Biology 73:2452-2467 (2008). |
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12.
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Beck IM, Eriksen KB, Heino M, Johannesen E, Olsen EM: Report on the diet of the blue whiting in the Barents Sea in the summer 2005 and in the winters of 2002 and 2006. Fisken og havet 10-2006, Marine Research Institute, Bergen, Norway (2006). |
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13.
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Boudry P, Collet B, McCombie H, Ernande B, Morand B, Heurtebise S, Gérard A: Individual Growth Variation and its Relationship with Survival in Juvenile Pacific Oysters, Crassostrea Gigas. Aquaculture International 11:429-448 (2003). |
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14.
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Byrkjedal I, Godø O, Heino M: Northward range extensions of some mesopelagic fishes in the Northeastern Atlantic. Sarsia 89:484-489 (2004). |
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15.
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Claessen D, Dieckmann U: Ontogenetic Niche Shifts and Evolutionary Branching in Size-Structured Populations. IIASA Interim Report IR-01-056 (2001). Evolutionary Ecology Research 4:189-217 (2002). |
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16.
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Dankel D, Dieckmann U, Heino M: Success in fishery management by reconciling stakeholder objectives in Hilborn's "zone of new consensus". ICES CM 2007/O:17 (2007). |
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17.
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Dégremont L, Ernande B, Bédier E, Boudry P: Summer mortality of hatchery-produced Pacific oyster spat (Crassostrea gigas). I. Estimation of genetic parameters for survival and growth. IIASA Interim Report IR-06-063 (2006). |
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18.
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Dercole F, Prieu C, Rinaldi S: Technological change and fisheries sustainability: The point of view of Adaptive Dynamics. Ecological Modelling, 221(3):379-387 (10 February 2010) (2010). |
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19.
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Dieckmann U, Heino M, Rijnsdorp AD: The dawn of Darwinian fishery management. ICES Insight (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, Copenhagen Denmark), 46:34-43 (September 2009) [ISBN: 978-87-7482-067-3] (2009). |
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20.
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Dieckmann U, Heino M: Dags att stoppa torskfisket. Miljoeforskning 4-04:14-15 (2004). |
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21.
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Dieckmann U, Heino M: Fishing drives rapid evolution. Swedish Research for Sustainability 3/4:18-19 (2004). |
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22.
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Dieckmann U, Heino M: Probabilistic maturation reaction norms: Their history, strengths, and limitations. IIASA Interim Report IR-07-007 (2007). Marine Ecology Progress Series 335:253-269 (2007). |
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23.
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Dieckmann U: Fisheries-induced evolution. IIASA Interim Report IR-09-087 (2009). |
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24.
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Dunlop ES, Baskett ML, Heino M, Dieckmann U: Propensity of marine reserves to reduce the evolutionary effects of fishing in a migratory species. Evolutionary Applications, 2(3):371-393 (August 2009) (2009). |
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25.
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Dunlop ES, Baskett ML, Heino M, Dieckmann U: The propensity of marine reserves to slow the evolutionary effects of fishing. ICES CM 2006/H:10 (2006). |
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26.
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Dunlop ES, Heino M, Dieckmann U: Eco-genetic modeling of contemporary life-history evolution. Ecological Applications, 19(7):1815-1834 (October 2009) (2009). |
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27.
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Dunlop ES, Orendorff JA, Shuter BJ, Rodd FH, Ridgway MS: Diet and divergence of introduced smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) populations. IIASA Interim Report IR-05-082 (2005). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62:1720-1732 (2005). |
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28.
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Dunlop ES, Shuter BJ, Dieckmann U: The Demographic and Evolutionary Consequences of Selective Mortality: Predictions from an Eco-genetic Model of the Smallmouth Bass. IIASA Interim Report IR-06-060 (2006). Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 136:749-765 (2007). |
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29.
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Dunlop ES, Shuter BJ: Native and introduced populations of smallmouth bass differ in the concordance between climate and somatic growth. IIASA Interim Report IR-06-031 (2006). Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 135:1175-1190 (2006). |
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30.
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Enberg K, Dunlop ES, Heino M, Dieckmann U: Ecological and evolutionary recovery of exploited fish stocks. ICES CM 2006/H:18 (2006). |
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31.
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Enberg K, Fowler MS, Ranta E: The impacts of different management strategies and environmental forcing in ecological communities. IIASA Interim Report IR-06-035 (2006). Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B 273:2491-2499 (2006). |
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32.
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Enberg K, Heino M: Fisheries-induced life history changes in herring (Clupea harengus). IIASA Interim Report IR-07-045 (2007). ICES CM 2007/E:23 (2007). |
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33.
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Enberg K, Jørgensen C, Dunlop ES, Heino M, Dieckmann U: Implications of fisheries-induced evolution for stock rebuilding and recovery. Evolutionary Applications, 2(3):394-414 (August 2009) (2009). |
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34.
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Engelhard GH, Dieckmann U, Godø O: Age at Maturation Predicted from Routine Scale Measurements In Norwegian Spring-Spawning Herring (Clupea herengus) Using Discriminant and Neural Network Analysis. IIASA Interim Report IR-03-010 (2003). ICES Journal of Marine Science 60:304-313 (2003). |
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35.
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Engelhard GH, Heino M: Climate Change and Condition of Herring (Clupea harengus) Explain Long-term Trends in Extent of Skipped Reproduction. IIASA Interim Report IR-06-008 (2006). Oecologia 149:593-603 (2006). |
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36.
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Engelhard GH, Heino M: Dynamics in frequency of skipped reproduction in Norwegian spring-spawning herring. ICES CM 2004/K:43 (2004). |
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37.
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Engelhard GH, Heino M: Maturation Characteristics in Norwegian Spring-Spawning Herring Before, During, and After a Major Population Collapse. ICES CM 2002/Y:10 (2002). |
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38.
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Engelhard GH, Heino M: Maturity Changes in Norwegian Spring-Spawning Herring "Clupea Harengus": Compensatory or Evolutionary Responses? IIASA Interim Report IR-04-001 (2004). Marine Ecology-Progress Series 272:245-256 (2004). |
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39.
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Engelhard GH, Heino M: Maturity Changes in Norwegian Spring-spawning Herring Before, During, and After a Major Population Collapse. IIASA Interim Report IR-03-075 (2003). ICES Journal of Marine Science 60:304-313 (2003). |
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40.
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Engelhard GH, Heino M: Scale Analysis Suggests Frequent Skipping of the Second Reproductive Season in Atlantic Herring. IIASA Interim Report IR-05-075 (2005). Biology Letters 1:172-175 (2005). |
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41.
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Ernande B, Boudry P, Clobert J, Haure J: Plasticity in resource allocation based life history traits in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. I. Spatial variation in food abundance. Journal of Theoretical Biology 17:342-356 (2004). |
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42.
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Ernande B, Clobert J, McCombie H, Boudry P: Genetic Polymorphism and Trade-Offs in the Early Life-History Strategy of the Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea Gigas (Thunberg, 1795): A Quantitative Genetic Study. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 16:399-414 (2003). |
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43.
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Ernande B, Dieckmann U, Heino M: Adaptive Changes in Harvested Populations: Plasticity and Evolution of Age and Size at Maturation. IIASA Interim Report IR-03-058 (2003). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 271:415-423 (2004). |
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44.
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Ernande B, Dieckmann U, Heino M: Fisheries-Induced Changes in Age and Size at Maturation and Understanding the Potential for Selection-Induced Stock Collapse. ICES CM 2002/Y:06 (2002). |
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45.
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Ernande B, Dieckmann U: The Evolution of Phenotypic Plasticity in Spatially Structured Environments: Implications of Intraspecific Competition, Plasticity Costs, and Environmental Characteristics. IIASA Interim Report IR-04-006 (2004). Journal of Evolutionary Biology 17:613-628 (2004). |
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46.
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Ferrière R, Cazelles B: Universal Power Laws Govern Intermittent Rarity in Communities of Interacting Species. IIASA Interim Report IR-98-095 (1998). Ecology 80:1505-1521 (1999). |
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47.
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Fromentin JM, Ernande B, de Pontual H: Importance and future of individual markers for the ecosystem approach to fisheries. Aquatic Living Resources, 22(4):395-408 (October-December 2009) (2009). |
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48.
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Gardmark A, Dieckmann U, Lundberg P: Life-History Evolution in Harvested Populations: The Role of Natural Predation. IIASA Interim Report IR-03-008 (2003). Evolutionary Ecology Research 5:239-257 (2003). |
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49.
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Gardmark A, Dieckmann U: Disparate Maturation Adaptations to Size-dependent Mortality. IIASA Interim Report IR-06-039 (2006). Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B 273:2185-2192 (2006). |
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50.
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Godø O: Fluctuation in Stock Properties of Arcto-Norwegian Cod Related to Long-Term Environmental Changes. IIASA Interim Report IR-00-023 (2000). Fish and Fisheries 4:121-137 (2003). |
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51.
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Godø O: Maturation Dynamics of Arcto-Norwegian Cod. IIASA Interim Report IR-00-024 (2000). |
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52.
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Grift RE, Heino M, Rijnsdorp AD, Kraak SBM, Dieckmann U: Three-Dimensional Maturation Reaction Norms for North Sea Plaice. IIASA Interim Report IR-06-045 (2006). Marine Ecology Progress Series 334:213-224 (2007). |
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53.
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Grift RE, Rijnsdorp AD, Barot S, Heino M, Dieckmann U: Fisheries-Induced Trends in Reaction Norms for Maturation in North Sea Plaice. IIASA Interim Report IR-03-076 (2003). Marine Ecology Progress Series 257:247-257 (2003). |
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54.
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Grift RE, Rijnsdorp AD, Barot S, Heino M, Dieckmann U: Trends in Reaction Norms for Maturation in North Sea Plaice. ICES CM 2002/Y:04 (2002). |
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55.
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Hard J, Gross MR, Heino M, Hilborn R, Kope RG, Law R, Reynolds JD: Evolutionary consequences of fishing and their implications for salmon. IIASA Interim Report IR-08-072 (2008). Evolutionary Applications 1:388-408 (2008). |
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56.
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Heino M, Baulier L, Boukal D, Dunlop ES, Eliassen S, Enberg K, Jørgensen C, Varpe Ø: Evolution of growth in Gulf of St Lawrence cod? IIASA Interim Report IR-07-044 (2007). Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 275:1111-1112 (2008). |
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57.
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Heino M, Dieckmann U, Engelhard GH, Godø O: Evolusjonaere effekter av fiske. Michalsen K (ed): Havets Ressurser 2004, Havforskningsinstituttet, Bergen, Norway, pp. 164-166 (2004). |
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58.
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Heino M, Dieckmann U, Godø O: Estimating Reaction Norms for Age and Size at Maturation with Reconstructed Immature Size Distributions: A New Technique Illustrated by Application to Northeast Arctic Cod. IIASA Interim Report IR-02-023 (2002). ICES Journal of Marine Science 59:562-575 (2002). |
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59.
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Heino M, Dieckmann U, Godø O: Measuring Probabilistic Reaction Norms for Age and Size at Maturation. IIASA Interim Report IR-02-017 (2002). Evolution 56:669-678 (2002). |
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60.
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Heino M, Dieckmann U, Godø O: Reaction Norm Analysis of Fisheries-Induced Adaptive Change and the Case of the Northeast Arctic Cod. ICES CM 2002/Y:14 (2002). |
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61.
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Heino M, Dieckmann U: Detecting fisheries-induced life-history evolution: An overview of the reaction norm approach. IIASA Interim Report IR-08-056 (2008). Bulletin of Marine Science 83:69-93 (2008). |
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62.
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Heino M, Dieckmann U: Evolution and sustainability of harvested populations. IIASA Interim Report IR-08-055 (2008). Carroll SP, Fox C (eds): Conservation Biology: Evolution in Action, pp. 308-323, Oxford University Press (2008). |
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63.
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Heino M, Dieckmann U: Exploitation as a driving force of life history evolution: Methods and empirical analyses. ICES CM 2004/K:35 (2004). |
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64.
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Heino M, Dieckmann U: Fisheries-induced evolution. n: Encyclopedia of Life Sciences, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK, Article A21213 (2009). |
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65.
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Heino M, Dieckmann U: Fisheries-induced selection as a driver of biodiversity change in exploited populations. ICES CM 2007/E:17 (2007). |
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66.
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Heino M, Dieckmann U: Reaction Norms for Age and Size at Maturation in Atlantic Cod Stocks. ICES/GLOBEC Newsletter 10:3-4 (2003). |
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67.
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Heino M, Engelhard GH, Godø O: Migrations and hydrography determine the abundance fluctuations of blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) in the Barents Sea. IIASA Interim Report IR-08-071 (2008). Fisheries Oceanography 17:153-163 (2008). |
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68.
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Heino M, Engelhard GH, Godø O: Variations in the Distribution of Blue Whiting in the Barents Sea: Climatic Influences or Year Class Effects? ICES CM Q:03 (2003). Proceedings of the 2003 ICES Annual Science Conference, 24-27 September 2003, Tallinn, Estonia (2003). |
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69.
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Heino M, Engelhard GH: Herring in warming waters. IIASA Options, winter 2006: 9 (2006). |
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70.
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Heino M, Godø O: Blue Whiting - A Key Species in the Mid-Water Ecosystems of the North-Eastern Atlantic. ICES CM 2002/L:28 (2002). |
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71.
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Heino M, Godø O: Fisheries-Induced Selection Pressures in the Context of Sustainable Fisheries. IIASA Interim Report IR-02-022 (2002). Bulletin of Marine Science 70:639-656 (2002). |
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72.
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Heino M, Kaitala V: Evolution of Resource Allocation Between Growth and Reproduction in Animals with Indeterminate Growth. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 12:423-429 (1999). |
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73.
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Heino M, Ripa J, Kaitala V: Extinction Risk Under Coloured Environmental Noise. Ecography 23:177-184 (2000). |
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74.
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Heino M, Siland H, Dahl M, Alvarez J, Anthonypillai V, et al.: Blue whiting survey during spring 2006. Cruise Report Nr. 3 C 2006, Marine Research Institute, Bergen, Norway (2006). |
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75.
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Heino M, Siland H, Dahl M, Alvarez J, Shnar V, et al.: International blue whiting spawning stock survey spring 2006. Cruise Report Nr. 2 C 2006, Marine Research Institute, Bergen, Norway (2006). |
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76.
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Heino M: Blue whiting: Playing a big game with small fish. ICES Newsletter 41:19-20 (2004). |
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77.
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Heino M: Does Fishing Cause Genetic Evolution in Fish Stocks? IIASA Interim Report IR-03-060 (2003). ICES Newsletter 40:19-20 (2003). |
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78.
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Heino M: Kolmule. Iversen S, Fossum P, Gjsaeter H, Skogen M, Toresen R (eds): Havets ressurser og miljø 2006. Fisken og havet 10-2006, Marine Research Institute, Bergen, Norway pp. 93-95 (2006). |
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79.
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Heino M: Kolmule - Bestandssammenbruddet som ikke kom. Iversen S, Fossum P, Gjsaeter H, Skogen M, Toresen R (eds): Havets ressurser og miljø 2006. Fisken og havet 10-2006, Marine Research Institute, Bergen, Norway (in Norwegian, with an English summary) (2006). |
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80.
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Heino M: Management of Evolving Fish Stocks. IIASA Interim Report IR-97-062 (1997). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55:1971-1982 (1998). |
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81.
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Housholder DJ, Heino M, Fiksen Ø: Evaluation of Harvest Control Rules: Simple One-Parameter vs. Complex Multi-Parameter Strategies. ICES CM X:01 (2003). Proceedings of the 2003 ICES Annual Science Conference, 24-27 September 2003, Tallinn, Estonia (2003). |
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82.
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Johnston F, Post JR: Density-dependent life-history compensation of an iteroparous salmonid. Ecological Applications, 19(2):449-467 (March 2009) (2009). |
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83.
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Jørgensen C, Enberg K, Dunlop ES, Arlinghaus R, Boukal D, Brander K, Ernande B, Gardmark A, et al.: Managing evolving fish stocks. IIASA Interim Report IR-07-057 (2007). Science 318:1247-1248 (2007). |
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84.
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Jørgensen C, Enberg K, Dunlop ES, Arlinghaus R, Boukal D, Brander K, Ernande B, Gardmark A, et al.: The role of fisheries-induced evolution - response. IIASA Interim Report IR-08-073 (2008). Science 320:47-50 (2008). |
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85.
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Jørgensen C, Ernande B, Fiksen Ø, Dieckmann U: The Logic of Skipped Spawning in Fish. IIASA Interim Report IR-05-066 (2005). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 63:200-211 (2006). |
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86.
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Jørgensen C, Fiksen Ø: State-dependent Energy Allocation in Cod (Gadus morhua). IIASA Interim Report IR-05-067 (2005). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 63:186-199 (2006). |
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87.
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Kaitala V, Ylikarjula J, Heino M: Nonunique Population Dynamics: Basic Patterns. Ecological Modeling 135:127-134 (2000). |
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88.
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Kenchington E, Heino M: Maintenance of Genetic Diversity: Challenges for Management of Marine Resources. IIASA Interim Report IR-03-005 (2003). ICES CM 2002/Y:13 (2002). |
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89.
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Miethe T, Dytham C, Dieckmann U, Pitchford JW: Marine reserves and the evolutionary effects of fishing on size at maturation. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67(3):412-425 (April 2010) (2010). |
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90.
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Mollet F, Ernande B, Brunel T, Rijnsdorp AD: Multiple growth-correlated life history traits estimated simultaneously in individuals. Oikos, 119(1):10-26 (January 2010) (2010). |
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91.
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Nilsson J, Östergren J, Lundqvist H, Carlsson U: Genetic assessment of salmon and sea trout stocking in a Baltic Sea river. IIASA Interim Report IR-08-041 (2008). Journal of Fish Biology 73:1201-1215 (2008). |
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92.
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Okamoto KW, Whitlock R, Magnan P, Dieckmann U: Mitigating fisheries-induced evolution in lacustrine brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) in southern Quebec, Canada. Evolutionary Applications, 2(3):415-437 (August 2009) (2009). |
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93.
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Olsen EM, Heino M, Lilly GR, Morgan MJ, Brattey J, Ernande B, Dieckmann U: Maturation trends indicative of rapid evolution preceded the collapse of northern cod. IIASA Interim Report IR-04-082 (2004). Nature 428:932-935 (2004). |
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94.
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Olsen EM, Lilly GR, Heino M, Morgan MJ, Brattey J, Dieckmann U: Assessing Changes in Age and Size at Maturation in Collapsing Populations of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua). IIASA Interim Report IR-05-021 (2005). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62:811-823 (2005). |
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95.
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Östergren J, Rivinoja P: Overwintering and downstream migration of sea trout (Salmo tutta L.) kelts under regulated flows - northern Sweden. IIASA Interim Report IR-08-057 (2008). River Research and Applications 24:551-563 (2008). |
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96.
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Palm D, Lindberg E, Brännäs E, Östergren J, Carlsson U: Influence of European sculpin, Cottus gobio, on Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, recruitment and the effect of gravel size on egg predation -- Implications for spawning habitat restoration. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 16(6):501-507 (December 2009) (2009). |
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97.
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Pardoe H, Vainikka A, Thordarson G, Marteinsdottir G, Heino M: Temporal trends in probabilistic maturation reaction norms and growth of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) on the Icelandic shelf. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 66(10):1719-1733 (October 2009) (2009). |
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98.
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Röckmann C, Tol RSJ, Schneider UA, John MAST: Rebuilding the Eastern Baltic cod stock under environmental change (Part II): Taking into account the costs of a marine protected area. Natural Resource Modeling, 22(1):1-25 (Spring 2009) (2009). |
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99.
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Steinegger M, Taborsky B: Asymmetric sexual conflict over parental care in a biparental cichlid. IIASA Interim Report IR-06-057 (2006). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 61:933-941 (2007). |
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100.
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Taborsky B, Skubic E, Bruintjes R: Mothers adjust egg size to helper number in a cooperatively breeding cichlid. IIASA Interim Report IR-06-056 (2006). Behavioral Ecology 18:652-657 (2007). |
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101.
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Taris N, Ernande B, McCombie H, Boudry P: Phenotypic and genetic consequences of size selection at the larval stage in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). IIASA Interim Report IR-06-064 (2006). |
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102.
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Thériault V, Dunlop ES, Dieckmann U, Bernatchez L, Dodson JJ: The Impact of Fishing-Induced Mortality on the Evolution of Alternative Life-History Tactics in Brook Charr. IIASA Interim Report IR-08-042 (2008). Evolutionary Applications 1:409-423 (2008). |
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103.
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Urbach D, Britschgi A, Jacob A, Bittner D, Bernet D, Wahli T, Yoccoz NG, Wedekind C: Gonadal alterations in male whitefish Coregonus fatioi: no evidence for genetic damage reducing viability in early life stages. IIASA Interim Report IR-08-069 (2008). |
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104.
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Urbach D, Cotton S: On the consequences of sexual selection for fisheries-induced evolution. IIASA Interim Report IR-08-068 (2008). |
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105.
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Vainikka A, Kallio-Nyberg I, Heino M, Koljonen ML: Divergent trends in life-history traits between Atlantic salmon Salmo salar of wild and hatchery origin in the Baltic Sea. Fish Biology, 76(3):622-640 (February 2010) (2010). |
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106.
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Vinje F, Heino M, Dieckmann U, Godø O, Mork J: Spatial Structure in Length at Age of Cod in the Barents Sea. IIASA Interim Report IR-03-073 (2003). Journal of Fish Biology 62:549-564 (2003). |
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107.
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Ylikarjula J, Heino M, Dieckmann U, Kaitala V: Does Density-Dependent Individual Growth Simplify Dynamics in Age-Structured Populations? A General Model Applied to Perch, Perca Fluviatilis. IIASA Interim Report IR-01-025 (2001). Annales Zoologici Fennici 39:99-107 (2002). |
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108.
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Ylikarjula J, Heino M, Dieckmann U: Ecology and Adaptation of Stunted Growth in Fish. IIASA Interim Report IR-99-050 (1999). Evolutionary Ecology 13:433-453 (1999). |
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Schlossplatz 1
A-2361 Laxenburg, AustriaPhone: (+43 2236) 807 0
Fax: (+43 2236) 71 313
Web: www.iiasa.ac.at
Contact Us
Copyright © 2009-2010 IIASA
Disclaimer