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        <title>IIASA Podcasts</title>
        <description>IIASA specialists and prominent invited guests address scientific issues of the 21st century, sharing knowledge, insights, and concerns with a wide audience.</description>
        <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
        <copyright>Copyright 2009, IIASA - International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis</copyright>
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        <itunes:subtitle>Lectures and Seminars by Leading Scientists</itunes:subtitle>
        <itunes:summary>IIASA specialists and prominent invited guests address scientific issues of the 21st century, sharing knowledge, insights, and concerns with a wide audience.</itunes:summary>
        <itunes:author>IIASA</itunes:author>
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            <itunes:name>IIASA Podcasts</itunes:name>
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            <title>27-Research for a World in Transition</title>
            <description>At a public lecture at the London School of Economics, Professor von Winterfeldt explains IIASA's new strategy for the coming decade.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 3 Dec 2009 11:24:22 +0100</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 27, 12 November 2009</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>At a public lecture at the London School of Economics, Professor von Winterfeldt explains IIASA's new strategy for the coming decade.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>41:03</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Detlof von Winterfeldt</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>climate change, food, hunger, energy, technology, systems analysis, greenhouse gas, science, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
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        <item>
            <title>26-Institutions Needed for Climate Management</title>
            <description>Nobel Prize Laureate Thomas Schelling argues that, to tackle climate change, the world requires at least three institutions that do not yet exist.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 7 Oct 2009 12:05:00 +0200</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 26, 18 September 2009</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Nobel Prize Laureate Thomas Schelling argues that, to tackle climate change, the world requires at least three institutions that do not yet exist.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>37:52</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Thomas C. Schelling</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>climate change, climate management, development, greenhouse gas, institutions, science, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
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            <title>25-Climate Change: Planning For and Adapting To Disasters</title>
            <description>Dr. Joanne Linnerooth-Bayer explains how insurance mechanisms can help poor nations adapt to the ever increasing risk of extreme events.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
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            <pubDate>Fri, 29 May 2009 11:55:00 +0200</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 25, May 2009</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Dr. Joanne Linnerooth-Bayer explains how insurance mechanisms can help poor nations adapt to the ever increasing risk of extreme events.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>9:38</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Joanne Linnerooth-Bayer</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>climate change, risk and adaptation, natural disasters, microinsurance, insurance, science, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
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        <item>
            <title>24-Introducing IIASA&apos;s New Director</title>
            <description>Professor Detlof von Winterfeldt explains his enthusiasm for leading IIASA and what he hopes to achieve over the coming years.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 26 Jan 2009 10:35:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 24, January 2009</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Professor Detlof von Winterfeldt explains his enthusiasm for leading IIASA and what he hopes to achieve over the coming years.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>3:05</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Detlof von Winterfeldt</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>energy, technology, environment, climate, population, food security, modeling, science, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
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            <title>23-Science and Innovation in the 21st Century</title>
            <description>Chief Scientific Adviser to the UK Government and Head of the Government Office for Science, Professor John Beddington, CMG, FRS, discusses how science and innovation can help society deal with the interconnected issues of food security, energy security, water scarcity, and climate change.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 3 Dec 2008 08:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 23, 28 November 2008</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Chief Scientific Adviser to the UK Government and Head of the Government Office for Science, Professor John Beddington, CMG, FRS, discusses how science and innovation can help society deal with the interconnected issues of food security, energy security, water scarcity, and climate change.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>44:43</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>John Beddington</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>environment, climate change, water scarcity, food security, science, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
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            <title>22-Energy versus Climate Change</title>
            <description>At the Global Economic Symposium in Schleswig-Holstein in September 2008, IIASA Acting Deputy Director Nebojsa Nakicenovic talks with Romesh Vaitilingam about the options for reducing greenhouse gas emissions: improved energy efficiency; renewables; nuclear energy; and carbon capture and storage. (Reproduced with permission from VoxEU.org.)</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 12 Nov 2008 09:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 22, September 2008</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>At the Global Economic Symposium in Schleswig-Holstein in September 2008, IIASA Acting Deputy Director Nebojsa Nakicenovic talks with Romesh Vaitilingam about the options for reducing greenhouse gas emissions: improved energy efficiency; renewables; nuclear energy; and carbon capture and storage. (Reproduced with permission from VoxEU.org.)</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>12:09</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Nebojsa Nakicenovic</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>environment, climate change, greenhouse gases, carbon capture, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
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        <item>
            <title>21-Globalization and Equity: Kicking Away the Ladder</title>
            <description>Heterodox economist Dr. Ha-Joon Chang cites examples from economic history to describe how industrialized nations kick away the ladder they used to achieve their own development in order to prevent developing nations from following. For economists and non-economists alike.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
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            <pubDate>Sat, 16 Aug 2008 11:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 21, 16 July 2008</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Heterodox economist Dr. Ha-Joon Chang cites examples from economic history to describe how industrialized nations kick away the ladder they used to achieve their own development in order to prevent developing nations from following. For economists and non-economists alike.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>49:21</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Ha-Joon Chang</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>economics, free trade, free market, policies, institutions, capitalism, investment, Hamilton, neo-liberal, protectionism, development, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>20-Methods and Tools for Integrated Sustainability Assessment (ISA)</title>
            <description>The integrated approach to sustainability assessment is based on a cyclical process of scoping, envisioning, experimenting, and learning. Dr. Jäger discusses the development and application of ISA in the recently-completed European Commission-funded MATISSE project, of whose Core Group she was a member.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 28 Jul 2008 06:30:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 20, 25 June 2008</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>The integrated approach to sustainability assessment is based on a cyclical process of scoping, envisioning, experimenting, and learning. Dr. Jäger discusses the development and application of ISA in the recently-completed European Commission-funded MATISSE project, of whose Core Group she was a member.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>37:21</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Jill Jäger</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>science, policy, EU, governance, sustainability development, modeling, social-ecological, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>19-Sustainable Development: From Agenda Setting to Policy Actions</title>
            <description>Dr. Mahendra Shah, Dean of IIASA&apos;s Young Scientists Summer Program, discusses the wealth of diversity in nature and the human world. He argues that the realization of the potential of this diversity is the key to promoting world-wide development.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 14 Jul 2008 08:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 19, 18 June 2008</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Dr. Mahendra Shah, Dean of IIASA&apos;s Young Scientists Summer Program, discusses the wealth of diversity in nature and the human world. He argues that the realization of the potential of this diversity is the key to promoting world-wide development.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>47:25</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Mahendra M. Shah</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>diversity, humanity, nature, environment, sustainable development, human capital, demography, disparity, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
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            <title>18-Trends in Emerging Technologies</title>
            <description>Professor Kenneth Oye of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology analyzes the trends in emerging technologies and their implications for energy security, the environment, and development. His lecture includes case studies from both the biotechnology and automobile industries.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 10 Jul 2008 08:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 18, 04 June 2008</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Professor Kenneth Oye of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology analyzes the trends in emerging technologies and their implications for energy security, the environment, and development. His lecture includes case studies from both the biotechnology and automobile industries.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>1:46:01</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Kenneth A. Oye</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>technology, biofuel, food, intellectual property, diffusion energy, environment, development, security, global change, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
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        <item>
            <title>17-Health and Global Development</title>
            <description>With trillions of dollars being spent on global health to lengthen lives, alleviate pain, and reduce misery, we are still confronted with apparent signs of a worsening situation. Dr. Landis MacKellar, Leader of IIASA&apos;s Health and Global Change Project, attempts to put global health trends, uncertainties, and challenges in perspective and determine whether the future will be worse than the present.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 18 Jun 2008 19:15:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 17, Conference 14-15 November 2007</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>With trillions of dollars being spent on global health to lengthen lives, alleviate pain, and reduce misery, we are still confronted with apparent signs of a worsening situation. Dr. Landis MacKellar, Leader of IIASA&apos;s Health and Global Change Project, attempts to put global health trends, uncertainties, and challenges in perspective and determine whether the future will be worse than the present.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>18:24</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Landis MacKellar</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>infectious diseases, income growth, climate change, educational attainment, health policy, global development, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>16-Equitable Solutions to Greenhouse Warming</title>
            <description>Professor Stephen Pacala, Director of Princeton Environmental Institute, analyzes fairness and climate mitigation and discovers the responsibility for emissions reductions does not travel with national identity or with DNA. Rather emissions go hand in hand with your income. Only by following the money can emissions reductions be fairly made.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/16pacala.mp3" length="8952847" type="audio/mpeg"/>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 20 May 2008 10:15:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 16, Conference 14-15 November 2007</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Professor Stephen Pacala, Director of Princeton Environmental Institute, analyzes fairness and climate mitigation and discovers the responsibility for emissions reductions does not travel with national identity or with DNA. Rather emissions go hand in hand with your income. Only by following the money can emissions reductions be fairly made.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>9:19</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Stephen W. Pacala</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>emissions, CO2, fairness, climate, greenhouse, global development, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
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        <item>
            <title>15-The Three Fs: Food, Fiber, and Fuel</title>
            <description>In a cartographic strip-tease, IIASA Deputy Director Sten Nilsson points out how most of the land theoretically available for growing biofuels, as a substitute for fossil fuels, is either protected or already in use for growing crops, raising livestock, or supplying fiber.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/15nilsson.mp3" length="18720960" type="audio/mpeg"/>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 6 Apr 2008 09:35:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 15, Conference 14-15 November 2007</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>In a cartographic strip-tease, IIASA Deputy Director Sten Nilsson points out how most of the land theoretically available for growing biofuels, as a substitute for fossil fuels, is either protected or already in use for growing crops, raising livestock, or supplying fiber.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>19:30</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Sten Nilsson</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>land-use, agriculture, forestry, energy, environment, global development, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
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        <item>
            <title>14-Managing Nuclear Proliferation: A Response</title>
            <description>After hearing Nobel Prize Laureate Thomas Schelling present his rather optimistic interpretation of the recent nuclear past and a nuclear future, Yegor Gaidar -- Director, Institute for the Economy in Transition, Russia -- scraps his own prepared conference address to respond. Gaidar warns that the world underestimates the danger of a mistake leading to the first use of nuclear weapons in warfare since 1945.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 23 Mar 2008 12:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 14, Conference 14-15 November 2007</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>After hearing Nobel Prize Laureate Thomas Schelling present his rather optimistic interpretation of the recent nuclear past and a nuclear future, Yegor Gaidar -- Director, Institute for the Economy in Transition, Russia -- scraps his own prepared conference address to respond. Gaidar warns that the world underestimates the danger of a mistake leading to the first use of nuclear weapons in warfare since 1945.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>12:50</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Yegor Gaidar</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>nuclear proliferation, energy, environment, population, global development, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
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        <item>
            <title>13-Managing Nuclear Proliferation</title>
            <description>Nobel Prize Laureate Thomas Schelling argues how successful the world has been at maintaining nuclear non-proliferation, and how fortunate it is that no nuclear weapon has been exploded in warfare since 1945.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/13schelling.mp3" length="25120750" type="audio/mpeg"/>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 23 Mar 2008 10:45:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 13, Conference 14-15 November 2007</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Nobel Prize Laureate Thomas Schelling argues how successful the world has been at maintaining nuclear non-proliferation, and how fortunate it is that no nuclear weapon has been exploded in warfare since 1945.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>26:10</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Thomas Schelling</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>nuclear proliferation, energy, environment, population, global development, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
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        <item>
            <title>12-The Changing World: Energy, Climate and Social Futures</title>
            <description>In his presentation at IIASA&apos;s thirty-fifth anniversary conference, Global Development: Science and Policies for the Future, Nebojsa Nakicenovic, Leader of IIASA&apos;s Energy and Transitions to New Technologies Programs and Co-Leader of its Greenhouse Gas Initiative, talks about the changing world from the perspectives of energy and climate, derives some of the social implications, and presents some possible response strategies.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/12naki.mp3" length="20164617" type="audio/mpeg"/>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 12 Feb 2008 12:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 12, Conference 14-15 November 2007</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>In his presentation at IIASA&apos;s thirty-fifth anniversary conference, Global Development: Science and Policies for the Future, Nebojsa Nakicenovic, Leader of IIASA&apos;s Energy and Transitions to New Technologies Programs and Co-Leader of its Greenhouse Gas Initiative, talks about the changing world from the perspectives of energy and climate, derives some of the social implications, and presents some possible response strategies.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>21:00</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Nebojsa Nakicenovic</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>energy, climate, technologies, global development, population, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>11-The World in 2050</title>
            <description>World class economist and expert on global development, Jeffrey Sachs looks towards the world in 2050. He examines the fundamental drivers that are changing our world and the key challenges we face. Jeffrey Sachs was a keynote speaker at IIASA&apos;s thirty-fifth anniversary conference, &quot;Global Development: Science and Policies for the Future.&quot; The conference looked at how to spread wealth and well-being to the billion or so people (15 percent of humanity) who see little or no benefit from globalized economic growth, and how to prevent escalating environmental problems from undermining that growth and damaging the wealth and well-being of all.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 15 Jan 2008 13:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 11, Conference 14-15 November 2007</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>World class economist and expert on global development, Jeffrey Sachs looks towards the world in 2050. He examines the fundamental drivers that are changing our world and the key challenges we face. Jeffrey Sachs was a keynote speaker at IIASA&apos;s thirty-fifth anniversary conference, &quot;Global Development: Science and Policies for the Future.&quot; The conference looked at how to spread wealth and well-being to the billion or so people (15 percent of humanity) who see little or no benefit from globalized economic growth, and how to prevent escalating environmental problems from undermining that growth and damaging the wealth and well-being of all.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>27:27</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Jeffrey Sachs</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>policy, global development, drivers, economy, environment, convergence, poverty, energy, urbanization, population, demographics, sustainable</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
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        <item>
            <title>10-Providing Science Advice to Governments</title>
            <description>Drawing on his experience in three U.S. science advisory positions and his belief that a political decision informed by science is a better decision than one which ignores it, Dr. Norman Neureiter underscores the importance of scientific cooperation and dialog. His lecture is followed by an extensive discussion -- a dialog -- with his audience of international young scientists.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/10neureiter.mp3" length="100433058" type="audio/mpeg"/>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 14 Aug 2007 12:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 10, 08 August 2007</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Drawing on his experience in three U.S. science advisory positions and his belief that a political decision informed by science is a better decision than one which ignores it, Dr. Norman Neureiter underscores the importance of scientific cooperation and dialog. His lecture is followed by an extensive discussion -- a dialog -- with his audience of international young scientists.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>1:44:37</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Norman P. Neureiter</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>negotiation, policy, decision making, scientific and technical information, security, nuclear power, nonproliferation, cooperation, economics, social science, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>09-Modeling Practice: Opportunities and Pitfalls</title>
            <description>&quot;Modeling is more an art than a science,&quot; claims IIASA specialist Dr. Marek Makowski. As he shares his ideas on good modeling practice, he discusses some challenges, limitations, problems, and warnings of modeling. You don&apos;t need to be a modeler to appreciate this talk.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/09makowski.mp3" length="55671906" type="audio/mpeg"/>
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            <pubDate>Sat, 11 Aug 2007 08:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 09, 07 August 2007</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>&quot;Modeling is more an art than a science,&quot; claims IIASA specialist Dr. Marek Makowski. As he shares his ideas on good modeling practice, he discusses some challenges, limitations, problems, and warnings of modeling. You don&apos;t need to be a modeler to appreciate this talk.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>57:59</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Marek Makowski</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>decision making, knowledge, complex problems, models, modeling paradigm, mathematical tools, science, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>08-Communicating Science</title>
            <description>Media relations expert David Kinley presents a three-part lecture comprising an overview of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), a real example of communicating science using three reports into the Chernobyl nuclear disaster of 1986, and tips for successful scientific communication.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/08kinley.mp3" length="80898568" type="audio/mpeg"/>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 6 Aug 2007 19:30:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 08, 01 August 2007</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Media relations expert David Kinley presents a three-part lecture comprising an overview of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), a real example of communicating science using three reports into the Chernoybl nuclear disaster of 1986, and tips for successful scientific communication.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>1:24:16</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>David Kinley</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>communications, IAEA, Chernobyl, safeguards, nuclear power plant, radiation, proliferation, science, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>07-Pro-poor Globalization</title>
            <description>In this provocative lecture, Professor Machiko Nissanke shares her thoughts and research results on how the process of globalization affects different aspects of poverty in the developing world. She presents a framework for &quot;pro-poor globalization,&quot; noting that it will remain an elusive concept unless steps are taken to make it a realistic perspective. A lively discussion follows.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
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            <pubDate>Sat, 4 Aug 2007 18:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 07, 23 July 2007</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>In this provocative lecture, Professor Machiko Nissanke shares her thoughts and research results on how the process of globalization affects different aspects of poverty in the developing world. She presents a framework for &quot;pro-poor globalization,&quot; noting that it will remain an elusive concept unless steps are taken to make it a realistic perspective. A lively discussion follows.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>1:35:59</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Machiko Nissanke</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>economic growth, globalization, openness, income distribution, poverty, international development, inequality, income divergence, technology, science, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>06-Learning to Live in a Global Commons</title>
            <description>Chair of IIASA&apos;s Council and Moffett Professor of Biology at Princeton University, Simon Levin examines the conditions under which cooperative behavior emerges in complex natural ecosystems. He asks what lessons can be learned from our examination of natural systems, and how we can modify social norms to achieve global cooperation in managing our common future.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/06levin.mp3" length="39375666" type="audio/mpeg"/>
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            <pubDate>Fri, 6 Jul 2007 17:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 06, 12 June 2007</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Chair of IIASA&apos;s Council and Moffett Professor of Biology at Princeton University, Simon Levin examines the conditions under which cooperative behavior emerges in complex natural ecosystems. He asks what lessons can be learned from our examination of natural systems, and how we can modify social norms to achieve global cooperation in managing our common future.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>41:00</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Simon Levin</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>ecology, ecosystems, economic growth, cooperative behavior, socioeconomic, environmental protection, global cooperation, biosphere, humanity, social norms, intragenerational intergenerational equity, science</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>05-Human Capital, Age Structure &amp; Economic Growth</title>
            <description>IIASA demographers present a new dataset of educational attainment by age and sex for 120 countries for the period 1970-2000. By exploiting the demographic dimension of the education data, the researchers show aggregate changes in educational attainment
    are a robust determinant of economic growth.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Jan 2007 08:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 05, 16 January 2007</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>IIASA demographers present a new dataset of educational attainment by age and sex for 120 countries for the period 1970-2000. By exploiting the demographic dimension of the education data, the researchers show aggregate changes in educational attainment
    are a robust determinant of economic growth.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>1:01:06</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Jesus Crespo Cuaresma &amp; Wolfgang Lutz</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>population, demography, human capital, technology, regression, gdp, economic growth, educational attainment, education level, production function, science, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>04-The Meaning of the 21st Century</title>
            <description>The &quot;guru of the information age,&quot; Dr James Martin highlights some of the extraordinary changes that will mark the twenty-first century, making our grandchildren&apos;s world almost incomprehensible from current perspectives.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/04martin.mp3" length="75218584" type="audio/mpeg"/>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 21 Nov 2006 09:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 04, 16 October 2006</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>The &quot;guru of the information age,&quot; Dr James Martin highlights some of the extraordinary changes that will mark the twenty-first century, making our grandchildren&apos;s world almost incomprehensible from current perspectives.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>1:18:21</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>James Martin</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>information, technology, 21st century, climate change, population, communications, environment, consumerism, global warming, science, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>03-Slanted Truths and Life&apos;s Evolution</title>
            <description>Professor Lynn Margulis gives a fascinating account of a revolution in evolution and her work in symbiogenesis.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/03margulis.mp3" length="80481117" type="audio/mpeg"/>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 30 Aug 2006 09:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 03, 10 August 2006</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Professor Lynn Margulis gives a fascinating account of a revolution in evolution and her work in symbiogenesis.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>1:23:50</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Lynn Margulis</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>biology, evolution, bacteria, symbiogenesis, environment, genetics, geology, ecology, science, philosophy, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>02-Back and Forth Between the Intimate and the Cosmic</title>
            <description>Noted space scientists and educationist Professor Yash Pal presents his own personal excursions between the cosmic and the intimate during his passionate engagement with science, technology, education, and the people of India.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/02yashpal.mp3" length="41399854" type="audio/mpeg"/>
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            <pubDate>Fri, 4 Aug 2006 05:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 02, 25 July 2006</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Noted space scientists and educationist Professor Yash Pal presents his own personal excursions between the cosmic and the intimate during his passionate engagement with science, technology, education, and the people of India.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>43:07</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Yash Pal</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>security, science, curiosity, physics, education, planet&apos;s future, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>01-Analytical Roots of a Decision Scientist</title>
            <description>IIASA&apos;s first director Howard Raiffa, professor in managerial economics at Harvard University, mixes together an account of his life with examples of his research into how people make decisions.</description>
            <link>http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/podcast/01raiffa.mp3" length="45885832" type="audio/mpeg"/>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 11 Jul 2006 12:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>IIASA Podcast 01, 16 June 2006</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>IIASA&apos;s first director Howard Raiffa, professor in managerial economics at Harvard University, mixes together an account of his life with examples of his research into how people make decisions.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>46:57</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:author>Howard Raiffa</itunes:author>
            <itunes:keywords>negotiation, biography, game theory, decision analysis, science, mathematics, iiasa</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
            <itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
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